Prisoners Rights Essay

Societies over time have defined human rights through a variety of documents that have sought to protect the rights of people. The Geneva Convention is an example of these documents. These documents not only firmly establish rights, but also ensure that countries that adopt these laws are responsible for ensuring rights are respected and followed. Unfortunately, not all governments obey these documents. In the case where war occurs, the Geneva Convention has been especially disregarded and ignored. As a result, agencies such as Amnesty International have stepped in to fight for those prisoners whose rights have been broken. Amnesty International has become one of the most successful agencies, freeing and helping thousands of people who have been imprisoned unfairly. The rights for different kinds of prisoners in different countries are still being debated to this day. These prisoners include prisoners in detention centers and prisoners of conscience. Some people think that someone who has infringed on other’s human rights should not have valid rights themselves. Despite this, prisoners are allowed rights, such as conditions of confinement, limited privacy, safety from other prisoners, food and water and medical attention if necessary. Many prisons still deny one or more of these rights, and continue to this day to torture, kill and/or discriminate against prisoners. One of the most globally recognized laws regarding prisoners is the Geneva Convention. The Geneva Convention is a set of rules written in 1929 and revised in 1949, which focuses on the rights of prisoners of war. Prisoners of war are specifically soldiers captured and held captive by the enemy army. The Geneva Convention states that prisoners of war cannot be prosecuted for taking direct part in hostilities. Their detention is supposed to prevent further participation in the conflict and should not be a form of punishment. The term ‘Prisoners of war’ only applies to international armed conflict. These prisoners must be released and sent back to their country without delay at the end of the war. They must be treated humanely in all circumstances and should be protected against any act of violence, intimidation insults and public curiosity. Despite this, many governments have failed to acknowledge the convention and in some cases, have resulted in prisoners being tortured and even killed. In Guantà ¡namo Bay, Cuba, there is a detention center at its naval base, set up by the United States. From 2002, the prison has been holding prisoners who have been suspected of being terrorists or having ties to terrorists. They are held in order for the government to try and get information out of them. The Americans also set up another detention center in Abu Ghraib, Iraq in 2004. George Bush, who was president of the USA at the time, described the men held in these prisons not as prisoners of war, but as unlawful combatants and claimed that the Geneva Conventions protections did not apply to them. A lot of people have argued that the prisons should not be allowed, due to the fact that most prisoners have been tortured, sexually abused, drugged, and harmed by many other violent acts to get information. There are still no laws that protect these prisoners and the USA has gotten many negative judgments from all around the world. A lot of global campaigns and agencies are currently working to fix this issue. Prisoners of Conscience are people who are believed to have had already had their rights stripped from them. More specifically, they are people who have been imprisoned for expressing ideas about their lifestyle, belief, race, or religion in a non-violent way and have been denied due process. Due process is the system where a person is procedure where a person goes through a fair trial in the normal judicial system where he/she is innocent until proven guilty. There are agencies and campaigns worldwide that go to extreme extents to get prisoners of conscience publically recognized and hopefully released. Amnesty International is one of the most well–known and successful non-governmental campaigning organizations that works to monitor and protect human rights all over the world. The organization began with one man’s outrage and his courage to do something about it, this man being British lawyer Peter Benson. He is looked at as a hero, not only within the organization. Their main focus are Prisoners of Conscience. The organization has over 3 million members and supporters and was founded in London 1996. Their objective is to â€Å"conduct research and generate action to prevent and end grave abuses of human rights, and to demand justice for those whose rights have been violated.† Amnesty International think of themselves as advocates for prisoners and the word ‘amnesty’ refers to being forgiven for a crime or other offence. Prisoners’ rights is just one segment of human rights, but is still just as important as children’s or elderly rights. Prisoners everywhere, from those in Guantà ¡namo Bay to prisoners of war should have valid rights if they don’t already. Having legal rights or laws is the first step, but putting the law in action is what really matters. Although there are a number of countries that ignore these documents, there are also countries that abide by them and are great examples of fair humanity. Agencies, organizations and campaigns work for these changes all around the world and with the help and support of every day people, they can hopefully change the world for the better.

Definition of Courage

Courage Patiently awaiting the doctor’s return, Allison aimlessly flips through magazines while pondering what her results will read. She repeatedly tells herself â€Å"This time, I will be free. I will remain strong. I won’t give up. † This is her 17th visit to the oncologist in 6 months, and it’s her 17th time sitting in the waiting room to see if her body has finally rid of the cancer once and for all.Over the past 3 years, Allison has never lost hope, she constantly strives for recovery and right now she is ready to face her results that will have an immense effect on her life. Allison is courageous. Courage is defined as the ability to do something that frightens one. One of the main factors in striving towards success is that of courage. The amount of courage you possess will determine how successful you are in the end. Courage is determination. Courage is bravery. Courage is being dauntless.By pursuing something that you are exceedingly fearful of, you demonstrate a vast amount of courage that most will never come to uphold. Courage is standing up and fighting for our country instead of ridiculing the government and saying war is unbeneficial. Courage does not have to be a grand act such as sprinting into a burning building in order to save numerous lives. An eleven year old kid confronting a vicious bully at school also requires a massive amount of bravery which in turn qualifies standing up for oneself an act of courage as well.Courage is shown in any situation where someone is confronting and overcoming anything they are uncomfortable with varying from waiting for life altering results to simply asking a crush out on a date for the first time. Courage is not power. Ruling over someone and making hasty decisions that will affect people other than oneself is not courage, such is confidence in authority. Courage is not fearlessness. Someone who is fearless has no doubts to overcome; therefore there would be no situation where courage could be expressed.Courage is definitely not anger, or rash action. Courage is generally always accompanied by fear, a plummeting gut, and quivering knees. Overall, courage is the seeming weak rising up against a supposed strong. Weather the weak will overpower the strong depends on how much courage the weak is willing to put forth. Weather Allison will recover from her disease depends on how much she is willing to fight against the horrible illness. Courage is an active characteristic that everyone is capable of displaying, but is actually shown by few.

Money Can Buy Happiness

Can money buy you happiness? It is a classical debate, sparked by the left-wing communists and religious leaders who suggest that a person can live a full life without the pursuit of money, and instead one must look to a more spiritual existence above the material desires. It is perhaps conceivable in a century gone by where people grew all their food and believed in witches, that a human could forge a fulfilling existence without the need of money to satisfy our desires. However in today’s society money can not only buy happiness, but is a major factor for happiness.Findings by the Institute of Economic Affairs show that happiness levels correlate with the amount of wealth a person accumulates. And, in contrast to popular belief, it does not level off when the assets reach a certain threshold. Money enables us to buy goods and services that we want. When we satisfy these wants we feel fulfilled, happy and pleased because we as humans love getting what we want. Money can give us experiences and opportunities that we would otherwise never be able to have. It can open doors to elite schooling, worldwide trips and making a difference in the world via charity.Money allows us to live a carefree, happy life because we don’t have financial strain. Money makes the world go round because it buys happiness, that’s why we spend hours a day slaving away to earn it. It is the key that unlocks the door to happiness. Humans have material needs and money provides the ability to satisfy these tangible needs and wants. Satisfying the want for a new dress or the need for medicine brings on the psychological state of happiness because we have satisfied those desires.The dress you bought from that exclusive store helps you to be confident and happy and the medicine helps cure a loved one. Have you ever felt left out because you see something you want, but can’t afford it? Perhaps all of your friends have the latest iPhone and you’re stuck with you r parents old embarrassing Nokia brick from 2001 because you can’t afford an iPhone. Money can buy that iPhone and can help you feel included consequently bringing on joy and happiness. Ever gone without the basic necessities, electricity, clothing or water? Money buys them too.It helps improve your standard of living. From luxury items to everyday basics money permits us to experience happiness through consumerism and the act of satisfying our needs and wants. It is the experiences and opportunities that come with money that make you happy. Money pays for the trip that lets you experience a new culture, a new cuisine or helps establish lifelong friendships. It is sometimes the memories in life that you find more happiness in than material goods. The happy memories that money buys. Perhaps you find happiness in charity work.Why devote a few hours of your time when you can enrich someone with the power of money? They then have the opportunity to rebuild their lives from the mo ney you give them and increase their living standards and happiness. Making a donation to charity not only helps others, it can make the giver mentally tougher, physically stronger and more popular, researchers from Harvard University have found out. Elite schooling and university offer endless opportunities for an individual to become an educated, well rounded and valued member of the community.It opens doors to exclusive jobs and bigger bank accounts. Success brings satisfaction and contributes to your overall happiness as life’s doors are always open to you. You are not closed off from potential opportunities that may arise. As we all know elite schooling and university doesn’t come for free, money pays for the education and opportunities that come with it. Without travel, charity and education life would be boring, bland and unfulfilling, money gives us those experiences and prospects that we all look forward to. Money offers a carefree lifestyle.With big banks acc ounts you don’t have to worry about paying rent, mortgages, school fees, health care and life’s other expenses. For someone who does not have a moderate amount of money these are stressful issues they have to deal every time they go to their letterbox. Stress can affect both your body and your mind, people can become exhausted, sick and unable to focus. It is the complete reverse of happiness. For someone who is better off financially bills occupy much less of their time and thus stress is eliminated from their lives.Home life can be miserable and tense when money is scarce. Couples bicker on average 2,455 times a year and of that number issues of money equate to 315 arguments. Money buys security and an un-troubled existence, money relieves financial stress and thus helps increase happiness. If someone was to offer you a million dollars, no strings attached, would you accept it? Chances are you would, and you would be happy about it because money can buy happiness. In life we have the option to live how we want, no one forces us to live a consumerist lifestyle.We choose to. You know there must be a connection to money and happiness. If there weren’t, no one would work for that lucrative promotion, perhaps no one work at all. Why would we spend all our lives pursuing it? For those living in third world countries that may be happy, it is unfortunately because it’s a case of they can’t miss what they’ve never had. Our society has made money a factor of happiness and I don’t hear anyone complaining. If money can’t buy you happiness then you are not spending it right.

Managing Capability

Outline the patterns of Amazon’s strategic evolution. Discuss Jeff Bezos’s role in this. Amazon. com is probably one of the most well-known on-line marketing hub nowadays. The primary strategy of the said online store is being directly connected with its customer. Since people who are using the internet are increasing, it is not hard to believe that Amazon. com found its niche in allowing online users to purchase products and services through their website. Amazon. com is also considered to be the starters in the utilization of Internet as a channel of business endeavors.Amazon. com was founded by its Chief Executive Officer named Jeff Bezos in the year 1994 (Barros et. al. 1). Bezos wants to open a store which is not akin to traditional retail stores. Basically, the good choice of purchasing platform is the Internet wherein many people are using. In Amazon. Com, the selling of books was being developed because of the unlimited amount of book titles and it is easy to de velop search methods and retrieval functions and systems. There are various advantages of an online store just like Amazon. com.These advantages include direct customer advantages and cost advantages. For direct customer advantages, there are many factors which contributed to the strategic evolution of Amazon. com. First, the business of Amazon is available for about twenty four hours paer day and seven days a week. This makes the online selling convenient for purchasers or buyers and advantageous for the company itself. Second, there is a virtual unlimited shelf space for the books which makes it easy to store book products and convenience for customers. The bulk of the books stored in amazon.com stores is four times larger compared to traditional book stores. In connection, the third strategy is that it is easy for customers to access search engines and retrieval systems developed by Amazon. com in finding books to buy which provides convenience and comfort for busy customers. In other words, search job is made easier due to the search scheme developed by Amazon. com. Fourth, Amazon. com also develop a scheme which includes a value-added content wherein experts provide books reviews and title recommendations which could help the customers decide on what to book to buy.And lastly, the company also exploited the advantages of sales and distribution of books in relation to global accessiblity worldwide. With respect to cost advantages in relation to the strategic evolution of Amazon. com, there are also factors that affects its fame in the online business industry. First, Amazon. com has a centralized and largely automated operations which made the business easier to manage. The supply chain is not complicated compared to traditional business models.And second, it cannot be denied that in online business, there is no need to prepare high investments and it is also not expensive in terms of real assets. Moreover, business analysts provided various reasons why th e company will continue to grow in the coming years. First, Amazon. com was able to develop itself as the leading online book seller in the Internet. The company also developed a brand extension plan which allows it to sell not only books but also CDs and videotapes.Besides, books ansd music sales has increased tremendously and predicted to increase more in the coming years. Amazon. com also tapped the most visited sites in the Internet which includes Excite, Geocities, AOL, Netscape, and Yahoo (Barros et. al. 1). And lastly, Amazon. com has built a database containing customer's information and patterns of purchasing their products in order to maximize sales. Bibliography Barros, L. et. al. (2009). Value of E-Commerce. [Internet]. Web. Mit. Edu. Available from: [Accessed 19 May].

Administrative Law Rev Essay Example for Free

Administrative Law Rev Essay ? Freedom of Information Act 1982 is entirely in the interest of public who can have access to various documents of government of Victoria and its public agencies for verification or for any other useful purpose.   The sole objective of FOI Act is to bring awareness among public whether the functioning and operations of government are in order   and how public analyze the same. Section 22 provides about the charges to be paid for having access to specific documents.   The section provides technical details of payment of fee that is calculated with time that is taken for search of documents.    This is particularly due to the fact that   the time taken for search of documents may vary depending on the date of publication of document. This is also in order to reduce the payment of fee to be paid by public.   All sectors of public may not afford to pay high rate of fees for having access to government documents.   In view of such as these reasons, hourly rate and time taken for search of documents has been included in this section. The section also covers transcription (h)   and routine requests (g)   and in case of inspection of documents no charge shall be calculated (f) in pursuance of Section 8(1) or 11(1). Section 27 clearly states about reasons of refusal of documents by a Minister of state to that effect, applicant shall be informed about the reasons in writing.   This section is somewhat complicated with the fact that a minister or a government official is a servant of public and with that motive, public must be provided access to the documents which is the sole purpose of FOI Act. This section is likely to give rise to conflicts between and may bring a deep dissatisfaction to public. Some of the documents that contain health information are also restricted with the provisions of Health   Records Act 2001, which of these reasons are also to be stated to applicant.   Although there are clauses for applying of review of decisions, launch complain to Ombudsmen, it is both time consuming and   undecisive for applicants to move further with such grievances. Section 50 deals with applications for review which would be pending with Tribunal for decisions.   This may pertain to a request for document, charge made, decision for access, or any other specific request regarding information under FOI Act.  Ã‚  Ã‚   The Tribunal in all respects has to deal with each individual case, giving its due importance of provisions along with genuine reasons. This section is in favor of public, as Tribunal shall reconsiders and reviews the decisions and grants permissions to public in various aspects that are relevant to FOI Act. The Tribunal may refuse the decision of Minister or agency and give an order in favor of public. Those issues or requests for documents which were not considered by Minister, are very well resolved at Tribunal by applicants. Section 51 states that an applicant may apply to Principal officer or Minister for review of decision, which was given in the deemed absence within 28 days   for review of decision or refusing to give access to health documents as per Section 36 of Health Records Act 2001. This section offers powers and opportunities to public   for   reconsideration of requests for having access to documents.   Applicants have to be excessively vigilant in deriving the maximum benefit from the government bodies and officials.  Ã‚  Ã‚   This section is both useful for public and for principal officers to check the veracity of facts in all respects. Section 51A  Ã‚  Ã‚   deals with conciliation of Health Service Commissioner   which state that issues that were deferring in Section 50 and 51 in the matters of health documents, may suitably be taken up by applicant with this section and apply for Health Service Commissioner’s decision.   In case Health Service Commissioner fails to conciliate a request, to that effect an notice in writing must be issued to both applicant and Principal Officer. This appears as a last resort for applicant as the decision of Health Service Commissioner is the final approach for an applicant. Conclusion The enactment of FOI is made with a view of regularizing the functioning and to increase the   working efficiency of governments.   Apart from this fact, the public are also provided an in-depth knowledge about information and working status of governments. Although there are many technicalities involved in FOI Act, each section, sub-section and clause, a significance of reason is attached to it for the benefit of both public and governing bodies. Administrative Law Rev. (2018, Nov 11).

Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 7

Marketing - Essay Example b) Discuss NASCAR’s multi-avenue promotions used to deliver the NASCAR experience. NASCAR runs promotions through various channels and partners. For communication they use several social networking sites and for advertising NASCAR are associated with several brands through merchandise too. Certain brand associations include 3M -- Official Partner, Bank of America -- Official Bank, Camping World -- Official Outdoor and RV Retail Partner, Canadian Tire – Official, Automotive Retailer of NASCAR in Canada, Chevrolet -- An Official Passenger Car, Cintas -- The Preferred Uniform Supplier, Coca-Cola -- Official Non-Alcoholic Beverage, Official Soft Drink, Official Sport Drink, Official Energy Drink, Coors Light -- Official Beer, Craftsman Tools -- Official Tools, Diageo -- Proud Sponsor, Dodge -- An Official Passenger. â€Å"Because of its huge popularity, NASCAR sponsorship is attractive to advertising sponsors who are eager to gain exposure to a large number of race fans.

Effects on environment Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Effects on environment - Research Paper Example Pollution is contamination of the natural environment and which brings about environmental degradation. Air pollution caused by industrial emission of carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, sulfur and other harmful gases leads to depletion of the ozone layer which acts as a shield to protect the earth from excessive and harmful sun rays. Water pollution on the other hand which may be caused by harmful farming, mining and even industrial wastes destroy the environment by exposing it to toxic chemicals and hence killing animals and plants which depend on that water. It also leads to destruction of the soil hence rendering the area inhabitable. The excessive population growth that has been witnessed over the last century has also had its effects on the environment. The major effects include deforestation, depletion of natural resources and extinction of species of both plants and animals. As the population continues to expand and with limited land for settlement, the only alternative left is to start clearing forests and even draining swamps in order to build settlement areas. This leads to climate changes and environmental degradation. The minority species are also displaced in a â€Å"battle for the fittest† as explained by Darwin. Species like that of dinosaur which occupy large areas are killed to clear space to accommodate the excess population. Population growth also leads to increased construction which not only causes pollution which as explained earlier degrades the environment but also leads to deforestation and extraction of earth’s important minerals in the process of construction. Other environmental influencers do not however entirely bring about negative effects on the environment. Some farming techniques for example like animal farming enriches the environment by ensuring provision of manure and hence minerals. Practicing biological methods of farming where no chemicals are used also prevents degrading